Potassium in Drinking Water: Benefits & Safe Concentration Levels

Overview of Potassium in Drinking Water

• What it is: Potassium (K) is an essential electrolyte critical for cellular function, nerve signaling, and muscle contraction—including your heartbeat. It works in balance with sodium to regulate fluid and blood pressure.
• Why it matters: Most people don't get enough potassium from their diet. While water contributes only a small amount, every bit helps. Potassium-rich water may support those with high blood pressure.
• Natural sources: Dissolves from potassium-bearing minerals like feldspar and mica. Agricultural fertilizer runoff can increase levels. Generally present in lower concentrations than sodium, calcium, or magnesium.
• Optimal range (1–10 mg/L): Typical range for most natural waters. Provides a subtle mineral contribution without affecting taste. Some mineral waters from volcanic regions may have higher levels.
• Too high (>12 mg/L): Rare in natural water. Very high levels could theoretically affect those with kidney disease who cannot excrete excess potassium. No WHO guideline as natural levels are typically low.
• Too low (<1 mg/L): Common in purified and soft waters. Not a concern since food is the primary potassium source, but mineral-rich water offers a beneficial supplement.